Morinda citrifolia (Noni) Juice Suppresses A549 Human Lung Cancer Cells via Inhibiting AKT/Nuclear Factor-κ B Signaling Pathway / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the mechanism of the anti-tumor effect of Morinda citrifolia (noni).@*METHODS@#The influences of noni juice on cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration and the activity of AKT/nuclear factor- κ B (NF- κ B) signaling pathway in A549 human lung cancer cells were detected by MTT, cell counting kit-8, colony formation, Annexin V/PI double labeling, transwell, scratch test and immunoblotting assay, respectively. A549 cells were inoculated into the right axilla of nude mice, followed by noni juice treatment. The body weight of the nude mice was weighed, and the tumor volume and weight were measured. Cell proliferation and expression of apoptosis-related proteins were measured by immunohistochemistry, and the activity of NF- κ B signaling pathway was measured by immunoblotting.@*RESULTS@#The in vitro studies showed that noni juice inhibited the A549 cells proliferation, migration and invasion. Noni juice also promoted cells apoptosis in A549 cells. Immunoblotting assay showed that the phosphorylation level of AKT, p50, and STAT3 proteins was inhibited to different extents after noni juice treatment. The in vivo studies showed that noni juice effectively suppressed tumor formation of A549 cells in nude mice. Noni juice treatment inhibited the expression of Ki67, PCNA, and Bcl-2 protein in the tumor; while promoted the expression of caspase-3 protein. Additionally, we also found that noni juice treatment could restrain the activity of AKT/NF- κ B signaling pathway in the tumor tissue.@*CONCLUSION@#Noni juice inhibited the proliferation of A549 lung cancer cells, induced apoptosis, and inhibited cell invasion and migration via regulating AKT/NF- κ B signaling pathway.

Appraisal of the Quality and Contents of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Hypertension Management in Chinese Medicine: A Systematic Review / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the quality and consistency of recommendations in the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for hypertension in Chinese medicine (CM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CM CPGs were identified from 5 electronic databases and hand searches through related handbooks published from January 1990 to December 2013. Three reviewers independently appraised the CPGs based on the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) instrument, and compared the CPGs' recommendations on CM syndrome pattern classification and treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Five CM CPGs for hypertension were included. The quality score of the evidence-based (EB) guideline was higher than those of the consensus-based with no explicit consideration of evidence-based (CB-EB) and the consensus-based (CB) guidelines. Three out of five patterns in the CPGs were recommended by the EB guideline. Tianma Gouteng Formula () in the EB guideline was recommended mostly for hypertension patients with pattern of ascendant hyperactivity of Gan (Liver)-yang and pattern of yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity in the CPGs. Acupuncture and massage were recommended for Grade I and Grade II hypertension with severe symptoms weakening the quality of life in the EB guideline. For Grade I and Grade II hypertension, CM could be used alone, while for Grade III hypertension, they should be used in combination with Western medicines.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The quality of EB guideline was higher than those of CB and CB-EB CPGs in CM for hypertension and CM should be prescribed alone or combined with Western medicines based on the grade of hypertension.</p>

Dynamic external fixation for stabilizing Baumman angle during midanaphase in supracondylar fracture of humerus in children / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the function of preventing supracondylar fracture of the humerus and cubitus varus in children by observing Baumann angle changes with self-made Orthopedic elastic elbow brace.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From October 2010 to April 2012,120 patients with closed Gartland II or III supracondylar fracture of the humerus diagnoised by X-ray were divided into two groups as follows:group A (62 cases, including 48 males and 14 females, with an average age of (7.27 +/- 4.36) years old, and the course of (1.48 +/- 1.26) days); group B (58 cases, including 47 males and 11 females, with an average age of (8.02 +/- 3.82) years old, and the course of (1.20 +/- 1.11) days. The two groups were treated by manipulative reduction and external fixation of small splints. Group A were used with elbow brace at 15 days after reduction, and treated for 90 days. Group B were used with external fixation of small splints and removed at 30 days. Baumann angle changes at different time periods (15 days, 30 days, 60 days, 90 days, 6 months, 1 year) after reduction and its' opposite side were recorded by X-ray. The angles of injured side and the opposite side were compared. The function of the elbow brace was evaluated at 90 days or 1 year after reduction according to Flynn.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All cases were followed up for over 1 year and obtained fracture healing. The incidence of cubitus varus was no one in group A and 4 cases in group B. The Baumann angles of injured side were trended to be increased with the time passing. From 30 days after reduction to 90 days, the increased angles of group B is more than that of group A (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is effective on stabilizing Baumman angle in the supracondylar fracture of the humerus of midanaphase treatment in Children by orthopedic elastic elbow brace.</p>

Genetic characterization and protein stability analysis of a Chinese family with Von Hippel-Lindau disease / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL), a heritable autosomal dominant disease characterized by neoplasia in multiple organ systems, has rarely been reported in Asia. We genetically investigated a unique Chinese family with VHL disease and performed an analysis of the VHL protein stability.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extracted from peripheral blood was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to three exons of the VHL gene in 9 members of the Chinese family with VHL disease. PCR products were directly sequenced. We estimated the effects of VHL gene mutation on the stability of pVHL, which is indicated by the free energy difference between the wild-type and the mutant protein (ΔΔG).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The Chinese family was classified as VHL type 1. Three family members, including two patients and a carrier, had a T to G heterozygotic missense mutation at nucleotide 515 of the VHL gene exon 1. This missense mutation resulted in the transition from leucine to arginine in amino acid 101 of the VHL protein. There was low stability of the VHL protein (the ΔΔG was 12.71 kcal/mol) caused by this missense mutation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>We first reported a family with this VHL gene mutation in Asia. This missense mutation is predicted to significantly reduce the stability of the VHL protein and contribute to the development of the renal cell carcinoma (RCC) phenotype displayed by this family. The genetic characterization and protein stability analysis of families with VHL disease are important for early diagnosis and prevention of the disease being passed on to their offspring.</p>

Clinicopathologic study of giant cell angioblastoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>to study the clinicopathological features, imaging characteristics, immunophenotypes and differential diagnosis of giant cell angioblastoma (GCAB).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>a case of GCAB in the left middle-upper tibia and fibula was studied by light microscopy, X-ray and CT imaging, immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>X-ray and CT imaging showed a clearer lesion in the left middle-upper tibia than in the ipsilateral fibula with enlarged ostealleosis and increased inhomogeneously medullary cavity density, irregular thickening of cortical bone, local cortical default at the inner edge, soft tissue swelling around the abnormal bone. Histologically, tumor tissue was located between the bone trabeculae by nodular, linear and plexiform aggregates of oval-to-spindle cells, large mononucleate cells and multinucleate giant cells with prominent nucleoli and abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm. Some aggregates had uncentain amount of discernible lumens, either empty or containing few erythrocytes. A concentric arrangement of oval-to-spindle Cells around small-caliber vascular structures together with collagen fiber contributed to a so-called 'onion-skin' arrangement. The background showed a loose mesenchymal stroma formed of some inconspicuous spindle-fibroblast-like cells, stellate-shape mesenchymal cells, a moderate mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrate and scattered mast cells. Immunophenotype showed the tumor cells and giant cells strongly positive for vimentin. A good many oval-to-spindle cells stained markedly for CD31 and CD34, but weakly for FVIII, while the giant cells are highlighted instead by CD68, occasionally, very few giant cells showed positive focally for FVIII, a-SMA decorated notedly the cells surrounding the endothelium-like cells but weakly positive in some other tumor cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GCAB is a rare, locally infiltrative but slow growing neoplastic angiogenesis with unique morphological characteristics during infancy, which may occur not only in the skin, mucosa, subcutis and deep soft tissue but also in the bone.</p>

Effect of calcium and light on the germination of Urochondra setulosa under different salts / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Urochondra setulosa (Trin.) C.E. Hubbard is a coastal halophytic grass thriving on the coastal dunes along the Pakistani seashore. This grass could be useful in coastal sand dune stabilization using seawater irrigation. The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that Ca(2+) (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 50.0 mmol/L) alleviates the adverse effects of KCl, MgSO(4), NaCl and Na(2)SO(4) at 0, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mmol/L on the germination of Urochondra setulosa. Seed germination was inhibited with increase in salt concentration with few seeds germinated at and above 400 mmol/L concentration. No seed germinated in any of the KCl treatments. Inclusion of CaCl(2) substantially alleviated the inhibitory effects of all salts. Germination was higher under photoperiod in comparison to those seeds germinated under complete darkness. Among the CaCl(2) concentrations used, 10 mmol/L was most effective in alleviating salinity effects and allowing few seeds to germinate at 1000 mmol/L KCl, MgSO(4), NaCl and Na(2)SO(4) solution.

Establishment and characterization of two new human embryonic stem cell lines, SYSU-1 and SYSU-2 / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Human embryonic stem cells can propagate indefinitely in vitro and are able to differentiate into derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers. The excitement surrounding human embryonic stem cells lies largely in their potential to produce specialized cells that can be used for transplant therapies. However, further investigation requires additional cell lines with varying genetic background. Therefore, efforts to derive and establish more human embryonic stem cell lines are highly warranted.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Surplus embryos (blastocysts) from donors were used to isolate the inner cell mass by immunosurgery. All cells were cultured continuously on irradiated murine embryonic fibroblasts feed layer and likely human embryonic stem cell colonies were subsequently characterized by cell surface marker staining, karyotyping and teratoma formation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two human embryonic stem cell lines (SYSU-1 and SYSU-2) were established from surplus embryos. The two lines express several pluripotency markers including alkaline phosphatase, SSEA-4, Tra-1-60, Oct-4, Nanog and Rex-1. They remain in undifferentiated state with normal karyotype after prolonged passages and can form embryoid bodies in vitro and teratoma in vivo.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Two new human embryonic stem cell lines have been established from surplus embryos. They can be used to understand selfrenewal and differentiating mechanisms and provide more choices for regenerative medicine.</p>

Effect of different mulch materials on winter wheat production in desalinized soil in Heilonggang region of North China / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Freshwater shortage is the main problem in Heilonggang lower-lying plain, while a considerable amount of underground saline water is available. We wanted to find an effective way to use the brackish water in winter wheat production. Surface mulch has significant effect in reducing evaporation and decreasing soil salinity level. This research was aimed at comparing the effect of different mulch materials on winter wheat production. The experiment was conducted during 2002~2003 and 2003~2004. Four treatments were setup: (1) no mulch, (2) mulch with plastic film, (3) mulch with corn straw, (4) mulch with concrete slab between the rows. The result indicated that concrete mulch and straw mulch was effective in conserving soil water compared to plastic film mulch which increased soil temperature. Concrete mulch decreases surface soil salinity better in comparison to other mulches used. Straw mulch conserved more soil water but decreased wheat grain yield probably due to low temperature. Concrete mulch had similar effect with plastic film mulch on promoting winter wheat development and growth.